Schmitz S, Garbe C, Tebbe B, Orfanos C E
Universitäts-Hautklinik und Poliklinik, Freien Universität, Berlin.
Hautarzt. 1994 Aug;45(8):517-25. doi: 10.1007/s001050050118.
Ultraviolet light is frequently used for cosmetic tanning of the skin. UV light is known to be carcinogenic, but this is attributed predominantly to short-wavelength UV radiation (UVB). However, new data indicate a carcinogenic role for long wavelength ultraviolet light (UVA) also. In vitro studies have demonstrated DNA-damaging effects of UVA. In animals squamous cell carcinomas and melanomas were induced by UVA alone or in combination with UVB. Reference to a possible carcinogenicity of UVA may also be derived from the therapeutic application of UVA together with psoralens (PUVA). In addition, recent epidemiological studies have associated the use of sunbeds with the development of malignant melanoma. In conclusion, the carcinogenicity of UVA in humans cannot be ruled out, but requires further validation. Long and repeated UVA exposure should be discouraged, because of the far-reaching risks involved.
紫外线常用于皮肤的美容美黑。已知紫外线具有致癌性，但这主要归因于短波长紫外线辐射（UVB）。然而，新数据表明长波长紫外线（UVA）也具有致癌作用。体外研究已证实UVA对DNA有损伤作用。在动物身上，单独的UVA或与UVB联合使用均可诱发鳞状细胞癌和黑色素瘤。UVA可能具有致癌性这一观点也可从UVA与补骨脂素联合治疗（PUVA）的应用中得到佐证。此外，近期的流行病学研究已将使用日光浴床与恶性黑色素瘤的发生联系起来。总之，不能排除UVA对人类的致癌性，但这需要进一步验证。鉴于所涉及的深远风险，应避免长期和反复暴露于UVA。
