ten Brink B, Minekus M, van der Vossen J M, Leer R J, Huis in't Veld J H
TNO Nutrition and Food Research, Department of Microbiology, Zeist, The Netherlands.
J Appl Bacteriol. 1994 Aug;77(2):140-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb03057.x.
Approximately 1000 lactobacillus strains were isolated and screened for the production of antimicrobial activity, using a target panel of spoilage organisms and pathogens. Only eight positive strains were found; two of these were studied in more detail. Lactobacillus salivarius M7 produces the new broad spectrum bacteriocin salivaricin B which inhibits the growth of Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Brochothrix thermosphacta, Enterococcus faecalis and many lactobacilli. A new atypical bacteriocin produced by Lact. acidophilus M46, acidocin B, combines the inhibition of Clostridium sporogenes with a very narrow activity spectrum within the genus Lactobacillus and was selected for further characterization. Acidocin B is sensitive to trypsin, heat-stable (80 degrees C for 20 min) and can be extracted from the culture supernatant fluid with butanol. Native acidocin B occurs as a large molecular weight complex (100 kDa), while with SDS-PAGE the partly purified activity migrates as a peptide of 2.4 kDa. Optimization of the cultivation conditions resulted in an eightfold increase of the amount of acidocin B produced during growth. Growth is not necessary for acidocin B production; washed producer cells can synthesize the bacteriocin in a chemically defined production medium. The application potential of acidocin B is discussed.
使用一组腐败菌和病原菌作为靶标，分离并筛选了约1000株乳酸菌，以检测其抗菌活性。仅发现8株阳性菌株，其中两株进行了更深入的研究。唾液乳杆菌M7产生新型广谱细菌素唾液菌素B，可抑制单核细胞增生李斯特菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、热杀索丝菌、粪肠球菌和许多乳酸菌的生长。嗜酸乳杆菌M46产生的一种新型非典型细菌素——嗜酸菌素B，能抑制产芽孢梭菌，且在乳酸菌属内活性谱非常窄，因此被选作进一步表征。嗜酸菌素B对胰蛋白酶敏感，耐热（80℃ 20分钟），可用丁醇从培养上清液中提取。天然嗜酸菌素B以大分子量复合物（100 kDa）形式存在，而经SDS-PAGE分析，部分纯化的活性物质以2.4 kDa的肽形式迁移。优化培养条件使嗜酸菌素B在生长过程中的产量提高了八倍。嗜酸菌素B的产生并不需要生长；洗涤过的产生菌细胞可以在化学成分明确的生产培养基中合成细菌素。文中还讨论了嗜酸菌素B的应用潜力。
