Houts A C, Berman J S, Abramson H
Department of Psychology, Memphis State University, Tennessee 38152.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1994 Aug;62(4):737-45. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.62.4.737.
This review provides a quantitative integration of research on the effectiveness of psychological and pharmacological treatments for nocturnal enuresis. With the use of experiments that compared treatments with either no treatment or another form of treatment, this article assesses (a) the overall effectiveness of psychological and pharmacological treatments, (b) the relative effectiveness of specific types of treatments, and (c) moderators of treatment effectiveness including investigator allegiance. Findings from the review confirm that enuretic children benefit substantially from treatment. However, more children improve from psychological than from pharmacological interventions. Moreover, psychological treatments involving a urine alarm are most likely to yield benefits that are maintained once treatment has ended.
本综述对心理治疗和药物治疗小儿夜遗尿症的有效性研究进行了定量整合。通过将治疗方法与未治疗或其他治疗形式进行比较的实验，本文评估了：（a）心理治疗和药物治疗的总体有效性；（b）特定治疗类型的相对有效性；以及（c）包括研究者偏向性在内的治疗有效性调节因素。综述结果证实，遗尿症儿童从治疗中获益显著。然而，接受心理治疗后改善的儿童比接受药物治疗的更多。此外，涉及尿床报警器的心理治疗最有可能产生持久的益处，即治疗结束后效果仍能维持。
