Fernandez E, Turk D C
Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275.
J Behav Med. 1994 Aug;17(4):375-90. doi: 10.1007/BF01858009.
In several investigations, differential ratings of sensory and affective components of pain can be explained by the expectations conveyed to subjects to provide different ratings for each pain component under conditions where they could readily recall their ratings. In Experiment I, such demand characteristics were controlled in one group by having subjects rate each pain component in a separate session 1 week apart, so as to minimize recall. This group failed to differentiate between sensory and affective pain; however, another group with demand characteristics left uncontrolled, provided disparate and parallel functions for the two pain components. These results imply that recall during concurrent ratings of the two pain components contributes to a spurious separation of ratings for each component. In the second study, with demand characteristics controlled, a medication placebo led to ratings of affective pain that were significantly lower than those for sensory pain, and a divergence between the functions for each component. This offers an approach to the veridical separation of sensory and affective components of pain.
在多项研究中，对疼痛的感觉和情感成分的差异评分可以通过向受试者传达的期望来解释，即在他们能够轻松回忆起评分的情况下，为每个疼痛成分提供不同的评分。在实验一中，通过让受试者在相隔1周的单独时段对每个疼痛成分进行评分，从而将这种需求特征在一组中进行了控制，以尽量减少回忆。该组未能区分感觉性疼痛和情感性疼痛；然而，另一组未对需求特征进行控制，为两种疼痛成分提供了不同且平行的函数。这些结果表明，在同时对两种疼痛成分进行评分时的回忆会导致对每个成分评分的虚假分离。在第二项研究中，在控制了需求特征的情况下，药物安慰剂导致情感性疼痛的评分显著低于感觉性疼痛的评分，并且每个成分的函数之间存在差异。这为疼痛的感觉和情感成分的真实分离提供了一种方法。
