Nakatsuka K, Kawakami H, Miki T
Department of Geriatrics, Osaka City University Medical School.
Nihon Rinsho. 1994 Sep;52(9):2360-6.
Initial studies demonstrated that an adequate amount of continuous exercise such as weight-bearing and aerobic training slow down bone loss, maintain bone mineral density, or even increase bone density in the young adulthood though the magnitude of mechanical loading of the bone. However, it remains unclear whether physical activity is also beneficial for bone health in postmenopausal and elderly women with osteoporosis whose exercise endurance capacity is commonly decreased. Recent longitudinal studies showed that 1-2 years of moderate to intensive exercise can increase postmenopausal bone mass, although the amounts of bone gain are relatively modest and site-specific. Thus, weightbearing exercise should be recommended not only to inhibit loss of bone mass but also to increase muscle strength in the elderly, which definitely lead to prevention of falls and decrease the incidence of new fractures.
初步研究表明，适量的持续运动，如负重训练和有氧训练，通过对骨骼的机械负荷程度，减缓年轻时的骨质流失，维持骨矿物质密度，甚至增加骨密度。然而，对于运动耐力普遍下降的绝经后和老年骨质疏松女性，身体活动是否对骨骼健康也有益尚不清楚。最近的纵向研究表明，1至2年的中度至高强度运动可增加绝经后的骨量，尽管骨量增加相对较少且具有部位特异性。因此，应建议进行负重运动，不仅可抑制老年人骨质流失，还可增强肌肉力量，这肯定有助于预防跌倒并降低新骨折的发生率。
