Caruso A J, Chodzko-Zajko W J, Bidinger D A, Sommers R K
Kent State University, Orofacial Motor Control Lab, School of Speech Pathology and Audiology, OH 44242-0001.
J Speech Hear Res. 1994 Aug;37(4):746-54. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3704.746.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of speed and cognitive stress on the articulatory coordination abilities of adults who stutter. Cardiovascular (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure), behavioral (dysfluencies, errors, speech rate, and response latency), and acoustic (word duration, vowel duration, consonant-vowel transition duration/extent, and formant center frequency) measures for nine stutterers and nine nonstutterers were collected during performance of the Stroop Color Word task, a well-established and highly stressful cognitive task. Significant differences were found between the two groups for heart rate, word duration, vowel duration, speech rate, and response latency. In addition, stutterers produced more dysfluencies under speed plus cognitive stress versus speed stress or a self-paced reading task. These findings demonstrate that the presence of cognitive stress resulted in greater temporal disruptions and more dysfluencies for stutterers than for nonstutterers. However, similar spatial impairments were not evident. The potential contributions of the Stroop paradigm to stuttering research as well as the need for further research on autonomic correlates of stuttering are also discussed.
本研究的目的是调查速度和认知压力对成年口吃者发音协调能力的影响。在执行Stroop颜色词任务（一项成熟且压力较大的认知任务）期间，收集了9名口吃者和9名非口吃者的心血管指标（心率、收缩压和舒张压）、行为指标（言语不流畅性、错误、语速和反应潜伏期）以及声学指标（单词时长、元音时长、辅音-元音过渡时长/程度和共振峰中心频率）。两组在心率、单词时长、元音时长、语速和反应潜伏期方面存在显著差异。此外，与速度压力或自定节奏阅读任务相比，口吃者在速度加认知压力下产生了更多言语不流畅性。这些发现表明，与非口吃者相比，认知压力的存在对口吃者造成了更大的时间中断和更多的言语不流畅性。然而，类似的空间损伤并不明显。还讨论了Stroop范式对口吃研究的潜在贡献以及对口吃自主神经相关性进行进一步研究的必要性。
