Dickson P R, Lang C G, Hinton S C, Kelley A E
Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115.
Neuroscience. 1994 Jul;61(1):81-91. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(94)90062-0.
The ventrolateral striatum has been shown to specifically contribute to expression of psychostimulant-induced orofacial stereotypies. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with bilateral cannulae directed at one of eight striatal subareas, and were injected with saline or amphetamine (20 micrograms/0.5 microliter/side) in a counterbalanced order. Behaviors were observed and scored using a time-sampling procedure. In the middle ventrolateral striatum, amphetamine injections produced intense stereotypy, primarily consisting of bar biting, non-injurious self-biting and repetitive paw-to-mouth movements, while having no effect on locomotion or rearing. Amphetamine injections 2 mm medial or 1 mm dorsal produced no oral stereotypy, while injections 1 mm rostral or caudal to the effective site produced only low levels of stereotypy. Injections into the surrounding sites, particularly in the ventromedial region, also had stimulatory effects on locomotion and rearing. In a separate experiment, animals were given either unilateral or bilateral injection of amphetamine into the ventrolateral striatum. The unilateral injection produced stereotypy half as intense as that observed with bilateral injections. These results suggest that the ventrolateral striatum is a discrete neuroanatomical region which is primarily responsible for expression of psychostimulant-induced orofacial stereotypies, and which is likely to be the striatal region controlling normal oral motor function. Further investigation of this area may provide valuable insights concerning the etiology and treatment of orofacial dyskinesias associated with basal ganglia dysfunction.
腹外侧纹状体已被证明对精神兴奋剂诱导的口面部刻板行为的表达有特定作用。成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠双侧植入套管，套管指向八个纹状体亚区之一，并以平衡顺序注射生理盐水或苯丙胺（20微克/0.5微升/侧）。使用时间抽样程序观察并记录行为。在腹外侧纹状体中部，注射苯丙胺会产生强烈的刻板行为，主要包括咬杆、无伤害性自咬和重复性爪到嘴的动作，而对运动或竖毛行为没有影响。在有效位点内侧2毫米或背侧1毫米处注射苯丙胺不会产生口面部刻板行为，而在有效位点头侧或尾侧1毫米处注射仅产生低水平的刻板行为。向周围部位注射，特别是在腹内侧区域，对运动和竖毛行为也有刺激作用。在另一个实验中，动物在腹外侧纹状体接受单侧或双侧苯丙胺注射。单侧注射产生的刻板行为强度是双侧注射的一半。这些结果表明，腹外侧纹状体是一个离散的神经解剖区域，主要负责精神兴奋剂诱导的口面部刻板行为的表达，并且可能是控制正常口腔运动功能的纹状体区域。对该区域的进一步研究可能为与基底神经节功能障碍相关的口面部运动障碍的病因和治疗提供有价值的见解。
