Lipton R B, Ottman R, Ehrenberg B L, Hauser W A
Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
Neurology. 1994 Oct;44(10 Suppl 7):S28-32.
Although an association between migraine and epilepsy has long been discussed, it has rarely been studied systematically. According to the evidence from the large epidemiologic study reviewed in this article, individuals with epilepsy are 2.4 times more likely to develop migraine than their relatives without epilepsy. Risk of migraine is elevated in patients with partial-onset and generalized-onset seizures. The comorbidity of migraine and epilepsy may be explained by a state of neuronal hyperexcitability that increases the risk of both disorders. Clinical and EEG features useful in the differential diagnosis of migraine and epilepsy as well as in the diagnosis of both conditions when they occur concurrently are reviewed. When migraine and epilepsy occur together, therapy with agents effective for both conditions should be considered.
尽管偏头痛与癫痫之间的关联早已被讨论，但很少有系统的研究。根据本文所综述的大型流行病学研究的证据，癫痫患者患偏头痛的可能性是其无癫痫亲属的2.4倍。部分发作性和全身性发作性癫痫患者患偏头痛的风险升高。偏头痛和癫痫的共病现象可能是由神经元过度兴奋状态所解释，这种状态增加了两种疾病的风险。本文综述了有助于偏头痛和癫痫鉴别诊断以及二者同时发生时诊断的临床和脑电图特征。当偏头痛和癫痫同时出现时，应考虑使用对两种疾病均有效的药物进行治疗。
