Alhadainy H A
College of Dentistry, University of Tanta, Egypt.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1994 Sep;78(3):368-74. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(94)90070-1.
Root perforations that result in a communication of the root space with the periodontal tissues occasionally occur during endodontic procedures. They may be induced iatrogenically, by resorptive process, or by caries. Identification of root perforations is possible by direct observation of bleeding, indirect bleeding assessment using a paper point, radiography, and an apex locator. Prognosis of a tooth with root perforation depends on the time lapsed before obturation of the perforation, location and size of the lesion, and the sealability of the repair material. Perforation defects may be repaired by nonsurgical or surgical techniques. A review of causes, diagnosis, prognosis, and management of root perforations provides information for avoiding, detecting, and treating of such defects.
在牙髓治疗过程中，偶尔会出现导致根管系统与牙周组织相通的根管侧穿。它们可能是医源性造成的、由吸收过程引起的，或者是由龋齿导致的。通过直接观察出血情况、使用纸尖进行间接出血评估、影像学检查以及根尖定位仪，可以识别根管侧穿。根管侧穿牙齿的预后取决于穿孔封闭前经过的时间、病变的位置和大小，以及修复材料的密封性。穿孔缺损可以通过非手术或手术技术进行修复。对根管侧穿的病因、诊断、预后和处理方法进行综述，可为避免、检测和治疗此类缺损提供信息。
