Perna G, Battaglia M, Garberi A, Arancio C, Bertani A, Bellodi L
Department of Neuropsychiatric Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Milan, S. Raffaele Hospital, Italy.
Psychiatry Res. 1994 May;52(2):159-71. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(94)90085-x.
The effects of a single inhalation of a 35% CO2/65% O2 gas mixture were examined in 71 patients with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia and 44 normal control subjects. Compared with the placebo condition, inhalation of air, the CO2/O2 mixture elicited a clear anxiety reaction only in panic disorder patients, who experienced a sudden rise of subjective anxiety as well as of several panic symptoms. Respiratory symptoms and the fear of dying best distinguished the patients from the control subjects. Baseline anxiety was not the key factor in explaining this differential reaction. The clinical features of panic disorder (namely, frequency of panic attacks, agoraphobia, anticipatory anxiety, and duration of illness) were not significantly related to the response to the challenge test, suggesting that CO2 reactivity might be a trait marker of panic disorder.
对71例伴有或不伴有广场恐惧症的惊恐障碍患者以及44名正常对照者进行了研究，观察单次吸入35%二氧化碳/65%氧气混合气体的效果。与吸入空气的安慰剂状态相比，二氧化碳/氧气混合气体仅在惊恐障碍患者中引发了明显的焦虑反应，这些患者经历了主观焦虑以及多种惊恐症状的突然加剧。呼吸症状和对死亡的恐惧最能区分患者与对照者。基线焦虑并非解释这种差异反应的关键因素。惊恐障碍的临床特征（即惊恐发作频率、广场恐惧症、预期焦虑和病程）与激发试验的反应无显著相关性，这表明二氧化碳反应性可能是惊恐障碍的一种特质标记。
