Zheng Y P, Lin K M
Mental Health Institute, Hunan Medical University, Changsha, China.
Psychosom Med. 1994 Jul-Aug;56(4):296-305. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199407000-00004.
The Stressful Life Events Rating Scale, a recently developed instrument specifically designed for the measurement of stressful life events in Mainland China, was administered along with the Chinese version of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist to 4054 Chinese "normal" subjects who were sampled from 24 sites across Mainland China. "Problems with Interpersonal Relationship" was the most commonly encountered psychosocial stressor in Chinese daily life. At least once a year, about 34% of normal Chinese subjects were stressed by being misunderstood or berated; 17% of married persons experienced difficulties with child rearing; 15% of married women had troubles with mothers-in-law. These stressors strongly influenced the well-being of Chinese residing in Mainland China. Stressors in the categories of "Study" and "Health" also contributed substantially. The life events experienced and stressfulness perceived varied in different life stages. Similarly, the major patterns of psychological responses obtained from the Hopkins Symptom Checklist differed in age groups. Similar to reports from other cultures, death of spouse is the most stressful life event in China. On the other hand, the rank order of stressfulness of several other stressful life events differed significantly across cultures. The impact of divorce was ranked more highly in most previous Western studies, whereas among the Chinese, death of a close family member received the second highest ranking. The total score of the Stressful Life Events Rating Scale for 99% of normal Chinese was below 74. A score over 74 suggests that the individual's psychosocial stress may be perceived as excessive or an overload and may be associated with a heightened risk of psychological and/or psychophysiological dysfunction(s).
压力性生活事件评定量表是最近专门为测量中国大陆压力性生活事件而编制的工具，与中文版的霍普金斯症状清单一起施测于从中国大陆24个地点抽取的4054名中国“正常”受试者。“人际关系问题”是中国日常生活中最常见的心理社会应激源。每年至少一次，约34%的中国正常受试者因被误解或被责骂而感到压力；17%的已婚人士在育儿方面遇到困难；15%的已婚女性与婆婆相处有问题。这些应激源强烈影响了居住在中国大陆的中国人的幸福感。“学习”和“健康”类别的应激源也有很大影响。不同生活阶段经历的生活事件和感受到的压力程度各不相同。同样，从霍普金斯症状清单中获得的主要心理反应模式在不同年龄组中也有所不同。与其他文化的报告类似，配偶死亡是中国最具压力的生活事件。另一方面，其他一些压力性生活事件的压力程度排序在不同文化中差异显著。在大多数以往的西方研究中，离婚的影响排名更高，而在中国，近亲死亡的排名第二。99%的中国正常受试者的压力性生活事件评定量表总分低于74分。得分超过74分表明个体的心理社会压力可能被视为过度或过载，可能与心理和/或心理生理功能障碍风险增加有关。
