Ramírez L E, Lages-Silva E, Soares Júnior J M, Chapadeiro E
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas da Faculdade de Medicina do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 1994 Jul-Sep;27(3):163-9. doi: 10.1590/s0037-86821994000300007.
This research characterizes the acute and chronic phases of Chagas' disease in hamster through parasitological and histopathological studies. The acute phase was achieved with 44 young hamsters injected intraperitoneally with 100,000 blood trypomastigotes of Benedito and Y strains of T. cruzi. The chronic phase was induced in 46 hamsters injected intraperitoneally with 35,000 trypomastigotes of Vicentia, Benedito and Y strains. Animals were sacrificed at regular intervals of 24 hours of acute phase and from the 3rd to the 10th month of infection of chronic phase. In the acute phase, parasites were easily recovered from all animals and there was an inflammatory reaction characterized by mononuclear and polymorphous leukocyte infiltration of variable degree in the majority of tissues and organs, specially in the connective loose and fatty tissues, smooth muscle myocardium and skeletal muscle. In the chronic phase the lesions occurred in the same tissues and organs, but the inflammatory response was less severe and characterized by mononuclear infiltration mainly with focal or zonal fibrosis in the myocardium. In 50% of infected animals parasites were found in myocardium and recovered from pericardic, peritoneal and ascitic fluids in some animals. Signs of heart failure, sudden death and enlargement of bowel were observed regularly. We concluded that the hamster is an useful model for Chagas' disease studies.
本研究通过寄生虫学和组织病理学研究，对仓鼠恰加斯病的急性期和慢性期进行了特征描述。急性期是通过给44只年轻仓鼠腹腔注射100,000个克氏锥虫贝内迪托株和Y株的血液型锥鞭毛体来实现的。慢性期是通过给46只仓鼠腹腔注射35,000个维森蒂亚株、贝内迪托株和Y株的锥鞭毛体诱导产生的。在急性期，每隔24小时定期处死动物；在慢性期，从感染后的第3个月到第10个月定期处死动物。在急性期，所有动物体内都很容易检测到寄生虫，并且出现了炎症反应，其特征是大多数组织和器官出现不同程度的单核和多形核白细胞浸润，特别是在疏松结缔组织、脂肪组织、平滑肌心肌和骨骼肌中。在慢性期，病变发生在相同的组织和器官中，但炎症反应较轻，其特征是单核细胞浸润，主要是心肌出现局灶性或带状纤维化。在50%的感染动物中，心肌中发现了寄生虫，并且在一些动物的心包液、腹腔液和腹水液中也检测到了寄生虫。经常观察到心力衰竭、猝死和肠道扩张的迹象。我们得出结论，仓鼠是恰加斯病研究的有用模型。
