Nilsson T, Hagberg M, Burström L, Kihlberg S
Department of Occupational Medicine, Sundsvall Hospital, Sweden.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1994 Jun;20(3):189-99. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.1409.
The goal of this study was to assess the relative risks of sustaining impaired nerve conduction in the hands among vibration-exposed persons as opposed to nonvibration-exposed referents.
In a cross-sectional study design platers and truck assembly workers were contrasted to office workers. The 4-h frequency-weighted vibration was 4.6 m.s-2 and 1.0 m.s-2 for the platers and assemblers, respectively. The ergonomic factors were measured as forced grip time. The conduction velocity, distal latency time, and amplitude of the median nerve were measured for both hands.
The sensory nerve conduction velocity was slower in the right hand than in the left. An increased risk of prolonged latency time was found for the platers and assemblers when contrasted to the office workers. The relative risks (rate ratios) of impaired nerve conduction for the carpal tunnel segment varied between 1.4 and 2.0 for the distal latency and between 0.9 and 1.7 for the nerve conduction velocity. The rate ratios were generally higher for the left-hand side than for the right-hand side. The risks were not proportional to either the weighted or unweighted vibration exposure.
The contributions from vibration and ergonomic factors to impaired nerve conduction velocity were inseparable in this study. Ergonomic factors such as forceful gripping and extreme positions, apart from vibration exposure, may be strong determinants of impaired nerve conduction in the carpal tunnel area.
本研究的目的是评估与未接触振动的对照者相比，接触振动者手部神经传导受损的相对风险。
在一项横断面研究设计中，将钣金工和卡车装配工人与办公室工作人员进行对比。钣金工和装配工的4小时频率加权振动分别为4.6米·秒-2和1.0米·秒-2。将人体工程学因素测量为强制抓握时间。测量双手正中神经的传导速度、远端潜伏时间和波幅。
右手的感觉神经传导速度比左手慢。与办公室工作人员相比，发现钣金工和装配工的潜伏时间延长风险增加。腕管段神经传导受损的相对风险（率比），远端潜伏时间在1.4至2.0之间，神经传导速度在0.9至1.7之间。左手侧的率比通常高于右手侧。风险与加权或未加权振动暴露均不成比例。
在本研究中，振动和人体工程学因素对神经传导速度受损的影响是不可分割的。除了振动暴露外，诸如强力抓握和极端姿势等人体工程学因素可能是腕管区域神经传导受损的重要决定因素。
