Laurent-Jaccard A, de Matteis L, Hofstetter J R, Schutz Y
Policlinique médicale universitaire, Lausanne.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1994 Nov 12;124(45):2039-41.
In recent decades the percentage of energy derived from dietary fat has increased. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between food taste preferences, BMI, age, gender and smoking habits. A computerized questionnaire using a hedonic scale (range 0 to 8) to quantify the liking for sweet and savoury, lean and fat foods, was filled by 233 adults: 171 normal weight (131 women, 40 men) and 62 overweight subjects (BMI > 25 kg/m2 42 women, 20 men). The majority of the subjects had a general preference for savoury lean food irrespective of their BMI or gender. Similarly, preference for sweet lean food was not influenced by the magnitude of the BMI. In contrast, overweight subjects had a preference for sweet fat food (p = 0.05) as well as for savoury fat food (p < 0.05). At any age or BMI, men preferred sweet fat food (p < 0.01). This was not the case for women. Overweight men over forty preferred savoury fat food, in contrast to overweight women of the same age (p < 0.01). The same difference existed between normal weight smokers and non-smokers. This study demonstrates that fat food preference plays a potential role in the development of obesity.
近几十年来，饮食中脂肪所提供的能量比例有所增加。本研究的目的是探讨食物口味偏好、体重指数（BMI）、年龄、性别和吸烟习惯之间的关系。233名成年人填写了一份使用享乐量表（范围为0至8）来量化对甜与咸、瘦肉与脂肪类食物喜好程度的计算机化问卷：其中171名体重正常者（131名女性，40名男性）以及62名超重者（BMI>25kg/m²，42名女性，20名男性）。大多数受试者无论BMI或性别如何，总体上都偏好咸味瘦肉。同样，对甜味瘦肉的偏好不受BMI大小的影响。相比之下，超重受试者偏好甜味脂肪类食物（p=0.05）以及咸味脂肪类食物（p<0.05）。在任何年龄或BMI水平下，男性都偏好甜味脂肪类食物（p<0.01）。女性则并非如此。四十岁以上的超重男性偏好咸味脂肪类食物，而同年龄的超重女性则不然（p<0.01）。正常体重的吸烟者与非吸烟者之间也存在同样的差异。这项研究表明，对脂肪类食物的偏好可能在肥胖的发生发展中起作用。
