Vial T, Descotes J
Laboratoire d'Immunotoxicologie Fondamentale et Clinique INSERM U80, Faculté de Médecine A. Carrel, Lyon, France.
Toxicology. 1994 Sep 22;93(1):63-75. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(94)90197-x.
Guinea-pig assays have been used extensively to detect contact sensitizers. In contrast, almost no reliable assays are available to detect the potential for low-molecular-weight drugs and chemicals to induce systemic allergic reactions in humans. Based on clinical data, and, to some extent, on recent immunological findings, it is proposed that guinea-pig assays can predict the hazard for systemic allergic reactions in man. Seventy drugs and chemicals were compared from published results in guinea-pig assays and in the clinic. A close correlation was found with 43 substances and a relatively good one with 16 substances. Conflicting results were found with 11 substances only. However, substances known to induce systemic allergic reactions in man were all detected as weak sensitizers, at least in guinea-pigs. Guinea-pig contact sensitization assays may therefore prove useful until more suitable and specific assays are available to predict the risk for systemic allergic reactions.
豚鼠试验已被广泛用于检测接触性致敏剂。相比之下，几乎没有可靠的试验可用于检测低分子量药物和化学物质在人类中诱发全身过敏反应的可能性。基于临床数据，并在一定程度上基于近期的免疫学发现，有人提出豚鼠试验可以预测人类全身过敏反应的风险。从豚鼠试验和临床的已发表结果中比较了70种药物和化学物质。发现43种物质有密切相关性，16种物质有相对较好的相关性。仅11种物质发现结果相互矛盾。然而，已知在人类中诱发全身过敏反应的物质在豚鼠中至少都被检测为弱致敏剂。因此，在有更合适和特异的试验可用于预测全身过敏反应风险之前，豚鼠接触致敏试验可能证明是有用的。
