Lurngnateetape A, Tritrakarn T
Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Ann Acad Med Singap. 1994 Jul;23(4):465-9.
A randomized double-blind study was made of 60 children aged 5 to 11 years to assess the efficacy of a eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics (EMLA), lidocaine and prilocaine, and placebo cream in reducing venepuncture pain. The 5% EMLA or placebo cream, approximately 2 grams (2 ml), was applied to the anticipated venepuncture site and covered with an occlusive dressing for a least 60 minutes. The venepuncture of 20-gauge butterfly needle was done after wiping the skin dry and observing for any local reactions. The pain was evaluated by three methods, one by the investigator and the other two by the children. The results showed that there were no statistical differences in the subject characteristics and pain scores, between the EMLA and the placebo group. Most children in both groups experienced no pain to mild pain from venepuncture. The possible causes were discussed and it was concluded that the placebo effect of having cream and good doctor-children rapport reduced fear and anxiety, resulting in the reduction of venepuncture pain in children.
一项针对60名5至11岁儿童的随机双盲研究，旨在评估局部麻醉药（EMLA）的共熔混合物、利多卡因和丙胺卡因以及安慰剂乳膏在减轻静脉穿刺疼痛方面的疗效。将5%的EMLA或安慰剂乳膏（约2克，2毫升）涂抹在预期的静脉穿刺部位，并用封闭敷料覆盖至少60分钟。在擦干皮肤并观察有无局部反应后，使用20号蝶形针进行静脉穿刺。通过三种方法评估疼痛，一种由研究者评估，另外两种由儿童评估。结果显示，EMLA组和安慰剂组在受试者特征和疼痛评分方面没有统计学差异。两组中的大多数儿童静脉穿刺时经历的疼痛为无痛至轻度疼痛。讨论了可能的原因，并得出结论，涂抹乳膏的安慰剂效应以及良好的医患关系减轻了恐惧和焦虑，从而减轻了儿童静脉穿刺时的疼痛。
