Bagley D H, Liu J B, Grasso M, Goldberg B B
Department of Urology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.
J Endourol. 1994 Aug;8(4):287-92. doi: 10.1089/end.1994.8.287.
Endoluminal sonography is a technique well suited to imaging structures beyond the lumen of the hollow viscus. The development of small-diameter (6.2F), catheter-enclosed ultrasound probes has made this technique available for use within the urinary tract. It is capable of defining adjacent vessels, calculi, and masses. Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction has been increasingly treated by incisional techniques, either nephroscopic, ureteroscopic, or radiographically controlled, with each incision at risk for causing damage to any adjacent vessel. Endoluminal sonography of the obstructed UPJ was attempted in 46 patients and completed in 45 patients, 41 with primary and 4 with secondary obstruction. Adjacent vessels could be seen in 24 patients. Twelve were located anterior or medial to the UPJ or both. Nine patients had vessels at the UPJ located laterally or anterolaterally, posterolaterally, or medially and laterally. Sonographic localization guided the choice of incision site in all patients and changed therapy in five patients. This technique also allows recognition of high insertion of the ureter into the renal pelvis. Endoluminal sonography of the obstructed UPJ is a valuable technique to determine the location and nature of associated vessels and, therefore, to guide decisions in treatment.
腔内超声检查是一种非常适合对中空脏器管腔外结构进行成像的技术。小直径（6.2F）、导管封装式超声探头的研发使该技术可用于尿路检查。它能够清晰显示相邻血管、结石和肿块。肾盂输尿管连接处（UPJ）梗阻越来越多地采用切开手术治疗，包括经皮肾镜、输尿管镜或在影像学引导下进行，每种手术切口都有损伤相邻血管的风险。我们对46例UPJ梗阻患者尝试进行腔内超声检查，45例完成检查，其中41例为原发性梗阻，4例为继发性梗阻。24例患者可见相邻血管。12例位于UPJ前方或内侧或两者皆有。9例患者的UPJ血管位于外侧或前外侧、后外侧或内侧及外侧。超声定位指导了所有患者的切口部位选择，并改变了5例患者的治疗方案。该技术还能识别输尿管高位插入肾盂的情况。对梗阻性UPJ进行腔内超声检查是确定相关血管位置和性质的重要技术，因此可指导治疗决策。
