Pliszka S R, Maas J W, Javors M A, Rogeness G A, Baker J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7792.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1994 Oct;33(8):1165-73. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199410000-00012.
To determine whether there are differences in noradrenergic or adrenergic functioning in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with and without anxiety.
ADHD children with and without a comorbid overanxious (ANX) disorder were compared to each other and to normal controls in terms of 2-hour urinary excretion of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (EPI), and their metabolites. All subjects performed a fixed series of mentally stressful tasks during the collection period.
Children with ADHD, regardless of comorbid anxiety, excreted more normetanephrine (NMN), the chief extracellular metabolite of NE, than controls, as well as more vanillylmandelic acid. Children with ADHD alone had lower NE/NMN and EPI/metanephrine ratios compared to controls. Children with ADHD/ANX excreted more EPI than ADHD children without anxiety.
Children with ADHD may have a higher tonic activity of the noradrenergic system than controls, while children with comorbid ADHD/ANX may be differentiated from those with ADHD alone by higher adrenergic activity.
确定患有和未患有焦虑症的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童在去甲肾上腺素能或肾上腺素能功能方面是否存在差异。
将患有和未患有共病过度焦虑（ANX）障碍的ADHD儿童相互比较，并与正常对照组比较去甲肾上腺素（NE）、肾上腺素（EPI）及其代谢产物的2小时尿排泄量。在收集期间，所有受试者都执行了一系列固定的精神应激任务。
患有ADHD的儿童，无论是否患有共病焦虑症，排泄的去甲肾上腺素主要细胞外代谢产物去甲变肾上腺素（NMN）均多于对照组，香草扁桃酸排泄量也更多。与对照组相比，单纯患有ADHD的儿童NE/NMN和EPI/间甲肾上腺素比值较低。患有ADHD/ANX的儿童比没有焦虑症的ADHD儿童排泄更多的EPI。
患有ADHD的儿童可能比对照组具有更高的去甲肾上腺素能系统紧张性活动，而患有共病ADHD/ANX的儿童可能与单纯患有ADHD的儿童有所不同，其肾上腺素能活动更高。
