Tsurkan V A
Probl Tuberk. 1993(3):17-20.
The anonymous questionnaire method was used for the study of the level of sanitary-hygienic awareness and habits of 236 tuberculosis patients on admission and during their stay in a antituberculosis dispensary. Studies among the newly-admitted patients have revealed significant differences in the level of tuberculosis awareness. More than 40% of the patients had no idea of the infectious nature of the disease on the day of admission, two-thirds of them did not know about a source of infection, factors and ways of tuberculosis transmission and nearly 90% could not handle sputum and use spitoons, toilet accessories and disinfectants. The level of patients' awareness and habits related to tuberculosis prophylaxis undergoes basic changes and reaches 98-100% provided all forms and methods of sanitary education and training are fully employed during their stay at antituberculosis hospitals. Interestingly, the more time the patient stays at a hospital, the less he believes in his cure. Questionnaires revealed a high-risk group of patients (29.7%) who present danger for the subjects around in respect to tuberculosis dissemination due to the infringement of the sanitary-hygienic and therapeutic and preventive requirements and recommendations.
采用匿名问卷调查法，对236例结核病患者入院时及在结核病防治所住院期间的卫生保健意识水平和习惯进行了研究。对新入院患者的研究发现，他们对结核病的认知水平存在显著差异。超过40%的患者入院当天对该病的传染性一无所知，三分之二的患者不知道传染源、结核病传播的因素和途径，近90%的患者不会处理痰液，也不会使用痰盂、厕所用具和消毒剂。如果在结核病医院住院期间充分采用各种形式和方法进行卫生教育和培训，患者与结核病预防相关的意识和习惯水平会发生根本变化，达到98% - 100%。有趣的是，患者在医院停留的时间越长，对治愈的信心越低。问卷调查显示，有一组高危患者（29.7%），由于违反了卫生保健以及治疗和预防要求与建议，对周围人群存在结核病传播的危险。
