Martini M C, Lampe J W, Slavin J L, Kurzer M S
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St Paul 55108-6099.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 Dec;60(6):895-9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/60.6.895.
Midfollicular and midluteal dietary intakes of 18 women were evaluated between four and six ovulatory menstrual cycles. Phase lengths were established by basal body temperatures and urinary luteinizing hormone excretion. Midfollicular and midluteal diet records were collected 6-8 d after menstrual onset and 6-8 d after ovulation, respectively. Significant increases in energy [0.66 MJ (159 kcal), P = 0.003], protein (6.1 g, P = 0.02), carbohydrate (15.3 g, P = 0.04), and fat (8.6 g, P = 0.002) intakes were observed in midluteal phase when compared with midfollicular phase. Intakes of vitamin D, riboflavin, potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium also were significantly higher during midluteal phase (P < 0.05). These results support the regulation of food intake by menstrual cycle hormones and suggest that it is essential to consider phase of menstrual cycle in studies of nutrient intake performed in premenopausal women.
在4至6个排卵月经周期内，对18名女性卵泡中期和黄体中期的饮食摄入量进行了评估。通过基础体温和尿促黄体生成素排泄来确定月经周期阶段长度。分别在月经开始后6 - 8天和排卵后6 - 8天收集卵泡中期和黄体中期的饮食记录。与卵泡中期相比，黄体中期的能量摄入量显著增加[0.66兆焦（159千卡），P = 0.003]、蛋白质摄入量增加（6.1克，P = 0.02）、碳水化合物摄入量增加（15.3克，P = 0.04）以及脂肪摄入量增加（8.6克，P = 0.002）。黄体中期维生素D、核黄素、钾、磷和镁的摄入量也显著更高（P < 0.05）。这些结果支持月经周期激素对食物摄入量的调节作用，并表明在对绝经前女性进行营养摄入研究时，考虑月经周期阶段至关重要。
