Worthington-White D A, Behnke M, Gross S
Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 Dec;60(6):930-5. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/60.6.930.
One hundred eighty-four premature infants, < 1800 g at birth and < 36 wk gestation, were entered into a study investigating the role of additional folate and vitamin B-12 supplementation of the anemia of prematurity. All patients initially received vitamin E and iron in accordance with accepted standards. Patients were randomly assigned to four groups to receive orally 0.1 mg folate/d for 4 mo, 100 micrograms vitamin B-12 intramuscularly monthly for 4 mo, both supplements, or neither. All other activities including parenteral nutrition were carried out according to established practices, irrespective of study group. By 10-12 wk, infants treated with vitamin B-12 alone or combined with folate had higher hemoglobin values than the untreated (P < 0.0005) or solely folate-treated (P < 0.01) groups. These findings held true irrespective of wide variations in treatment and feeding practices. The only uncontrolled hematologic nutritional factor, selenium, showed a similar pattern of decline for 10-12 wk in all study patients, whether or not they received additional vitamin supplements.
184名早产婴儿（出生时体重<1800克，孕周<36周）参与了一项研究，该研究旨在调查额外补充叶酸和维生素B12对早产儿贫血的作用。所有患者最初均按照公认标准接受维生素E和铁剂治疗。患者被随机分为四组，分别口服0.1毫克叶酸/天，共4个月；每月肌肉注射100微克维生素B12，共4个月；同时补充两种制剂；或不补充任何制剂。所有其他活动，包括肠外营养，均按照既定做法进行，与研究组无关。到10 - 12周时，单独接受维生素B12治疗或联合叶酸治疗的婴儿血红蛋白值高于未治疗组（P<0.0005）或仅接受叶酸治疗组（P<0.01）。无论治疗和喂养方式存在多大差异，这些结果均成立。唯一未受控制的血液学营养因素——硒，在所有研究患者中，无论是否接受额外维生素补充剂，在10 - 12周内均呈现类似的下降模式。
