Putilov A A, Booker J M, Danilenko K V
Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk.
Arctic Med Res. 1994 Jul;53(3):130-6.
A sample of 1644 adults in Alaska, Chukotka, Yakutiya, Western Siberia and Turkmenistan were surveyed to examine the relationship between seasonal depressive behavior and sleep-wake patterns. Interviews included items derived from the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire, a 20 item general depression scale, and a 40 item sleep-wake questionnaire designed to assess the underlying mechanisms which regulate the cycles of sleep and wakefulness. Results show that subjects who suffer from seasonal depressive behavior, at latitudes ranging from 38-66 degrees North, are characterized by a sleep-wake pattern including 1) difficulty waking in the morning, 2) a low capacity to be awake at unusual times (out of sync with normal circadian patterns) and 3) a lower quality of nighttime sleep. Subjects with high levels of general depression suffer many of the same sleep problems, but this is not due to the measured association between seasonality and other depression. Disturbances in sleep-wake patterns may help to expand our understanding of the pathogenesis of seasonal depressive behavior, but further research to differentiate it from general depression is required.
对阿拉斯加、楚科奇、雅库特、西西伯利亚和土库曼斯坦的1644名成年人进行了抽样调查，以研究季节性抑郁行为与睡眠-觉醒模式之间的关系。访谈内容包括来自季节性模式评估问卷的项目、一个20项的一般抑郁量表，以及一个40项的睡眠-觉醒问卷，旨在评估调节睡眠和觉醒周期的潜在机制。结果表明，在北纬38 - 66度范围内患有季节性抑郁行为的受试者，其睡眠-觉醒模式的特点包括：1) 早晨难以醒来；2) 在不寻常时间（与正常昼夜节律模式不同步）保持清醒的能力较低；3) 夜间睡眠质量较低。患有严重一般性抑郁的受试者也有许多相同的睡眠问题，但这并非由于季节性与其他抑郁之间的测量关联。睡眠-觉醒模式的紊乱可能有助于扩展我们对季节性抑郁行为发病机制的理解，但需要进一步研究以将其与一般性抑郁区分开来。
