Rhodes T, Donoghoe M, Hunter G, Soteri A, Stimson G V
Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, University of London, UK.
Addiction. 1994 Sep;89(9):1085-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb02785.x.
The importance of sharing injecting equipment in the transmission dynamics of HIV is well established. Comparatively less is known about the sexual behaviour of drug injectors and the risks posed to themselves and their sexual partners through the sexual transmission of HIV. Findings are reported from survey-based interviews undertaken in 1991 which investigated the sexual behaviour of 516 drug injectors, both in and out of treatment in London. The majority of respondents (80%) were sexually active in the 6 months preceding interview. During this time, respondents had a mean of 2.1 non-commercial opposite sex partners. Most (66%) had vaginal intercourse at least once a week, although 68% never used condoms with primary partners and 34% never used condoms with casual partners. Those having sexual intercourse most often were less likely to use condoms. Many had non-injecting sexual partners, and 62% of respondents' primary and casual partners did not inject drugs. Confirmed saliva HIV test results show 10% of respondents to be antibody positive, with a higher rate of prevalence (14% positive) among those with no experience of treatment. This group were also more likely to report casual sexual intercourse. The average rate of partner change, the high proportion of drug injectors with non-injecting partners and the infrequency of condom use within primary and causal relationships indicates the potential for HIV transmission between injectors and their non-injecting sexual partners. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of outreach and community-based intervention in safer sex health promotion.
共用注射器具在艾滋病毒传播动态中的重要性已得到充分证实。相比之下，对于药物注射者的性行为以及艾滋病毒通过性传播给他们自身及其性伴侣所带来的风险，人们了解得相对较少。本文报告了1991年基于调查的访谈结果，该调查研究了伦敦516名正在接受治疗和未接受治疗的药物注射者的性行为。大多数受访者（80%）在访谈前6个月内有性行为。在此期间，受访者平均有2.1个非商业性异性伴侣。大多数人（66%）每周至少有一次阴道性交，尽管68%的人在与主要伴侣性交时从未使用过避孕套，34%的人在与临时伴侣性交时从未使用过避孕套。性交最频繁的人使用避孕套的可能性较小。许多人有非注射性行为的伴侣，62%的受访者的主要伴侣和临时伴侣不注射毒品。经确认的唾液艾滋病毒检测结果显示，10%的受访者抗体呈阳性，在没有治疗经历的人群中患病率更高（14%呈阳性）。这组人也更有可能报告有随意性行为。伴侣更换的平均频率、有非注射伴侣的药物注射者的高比例以及在主要和临时关系中使用避孕套的频率较低，表明注射者与其非注射性伴侣之间存在艾滋病毒传播的可能性。本文最后强调了外展和基于社区的干预在促进更安全性健康方面的重要性。
