Dorman A, Keenan E, Schuttler C, Merry J, O'Connor J J
Drug Treatment Centre Board, Dublin.
Ir J Med Sci. 1997 Oct-Dec;166(4):235-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02944241.
The aim of the study was to measure HIV prevalence and risk behaviour in 185 Irish Intravenous Drug Misusers. Information was obtained by application of a standardised WHO questionnaire covering HIV risk behaviour in the preceding 6 months. HIV serostatus was obtained by saliva/blood sample testing. One hundred and 3 (55.7 per cent) shared and 114 (61.6 per cent) lent used injecting equipment in the previous 6 months. 97 (94.2 per cent) of those who shared always cleaned the needles before use but only 48 (49.5 per cent) of these always cleaned in an efficient manner. One hundred and 14 (79.2 per cent) males and 28 (68.3 per cent) females reported heterosexual activity in the preceding 6 months. On examination sexual risk behaviour was found to be high. 50.5 per cent of males and 63 per cent of females never used condoms with regular partners. 32.6 per cent of males never used condoms with casual partners. The large majority of partners of male I.D.U'.s (both regular and casual) were non injectors. Therefore there is potential for sexual spread of HIV into the non-injecting heterosexual population. Conversely the vast majority of partners of female IDU's were injectors. This suggests that female IDU's are at higher risk of HIV infection than their male counterparts. HIV prevalence in the study group was 8.4 per cent. Implications of results for future intervention are discussed.
该研究旨在测定185名爱尔兰静脉注射吸毒者中的艾滋病毒感染率及风险行为。通过应用世界卫生组织的一份标准化问卷来获取前6个月内艾滋病毒风险行为的相关信息。通过唾液/血液样本检测来确定艾滋病毒血清状况。在过去6个月中，103人（55.7%）共用过且114人（61.6%）出借过用过的注射器具。在共用注射器具的人中，97人（94.2%）在使用前总会清洁针头，但其中只有48人（49.5%）能有效清洁。114名男性（79.2%）和28名女性（68.3%）报告在前6个月中有异性性行为。经检查发现性风险行为很高。50.5%的男性和63%的女性与固定性伴侣在一起时从不使用避孕套。32.6%的男性与临时性伴侣在一起时从不使用避孕套。男性注射吸毒者的性伴侣（包括固定性伴侣和临时性伴侣）绝大多数是非注射吸毒者。因此，艾滋病毒存在通过性行为传播到非注射吸毒异性人群中的可能性。相反，女性注射吸毒者的性伴侣绝大多数是注射吸毒者。这表明女性注射吸毒者感染艾滋病毒的风险高于男性注射吸毒者。研究组中的艾滋病毒感染率为8.4%。文中讨论了研究结果对未来干预措施的启示。
