Loras-Duclaux I, Lachaux A, Le Gall C, Fournier V, Hermier M
Service de gastroentérologie et nutrition pédiatriques, hôpital Edouard-Herriot, Lyon, France.
Arch Pediatr. 1994 Feb;1(2):173-80.
Today, the duration of parenteral nutrition (PN) is unlimited. PN is used in digestive tract chronic disease (the digestive tract is either unusable or is at rest) or in oncology, hematology and renutrition before transplantation. Thanks to technical advances, PN, although sophisticated, may be applied at home if an active involvement of one parent is obtained. Home PN is indicated when it is planned for more than 3 months. The indications as a function of the disease, socio-cultural background and the distance to the PN centre are reviewed. The technical modalities such as vascular access, the choice of a catheter, the nutriments to be perfused, the parents' training and the logistic support are studied. Complications of home PN are identical to those of prolonged PN; infections is the most frequent. Results of PN as well as the quality of life of the children are briefly reported.
如今，肠外营养（PN）的持续时间不受限制。PN用于消化道慢性病（消化道无法使用或处于休息状态）或用于肿瘤学、血液学领域以及移植前的营养恢复。得益于技术进步，PN尽管复杂，但如果能让一位家长积极参与，也可在家中实施。当计划进行超过3个月的肠外营养时，家庭肠外营养是适用的。本文综述了根据疾病、社会文化背景以及距PN中心的距离而定的适应症。研究了诸如血管通路、导管的选择、输注的营养物质、家长培训以及后勤支持等技术方式。家庭肠外营养的并发症与长期肠外营养的并发症相同；感染最为常见。简要报告了肠外营养的结果以及儿童的生活质量。
