Vuong P N, Wanji S, Prod'Hon J, Bain O
Unité d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques, Hôpital Saint-Michel, Paris, France.
Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 1994;47(1):47-51.
Subcutaneous nodules and skin biopsy specimens obtained from the umbilical area of 6 onchocercal Bos indicus were collected in Cameroon and subjected to a histological examination. The nodules containing Onchocerca ochengi and Onchocerca dukei showed the same structure as Onchocerca volvulus nodules in man; they consisted of inflammatory pseudo-cysts often containing a female filaria. These pseudo-cysts were classified as "young", "active" and "old" depending on the inflammatory cellular component of their walls. The nodules were surrounded by a connective tissue capsule criss-crossed by vessels containing sections of microfilariae and morula in the vascular lumen. The skin, infected with microfilariae of these two species, of O. gutturosa and O. armillata, showed various dermatitis lesions with fibrosis, similar to those observed in patients with onchocerciasis. In most cases, inflammatory infiltrates surrounded the lymphatic capillaries along the blood vessels, giving rise to lymphangitis. The presence of microfilariae inside the granulomatous tissue demonstrates that microfilariae were deposited directly into the cystic lumen. Only the microfilariae which escaped the inflammatory reaction were able to penetrate the lymphatic vessels. They could then migrate into the lymphatic system and reach the superficial layer of the dermis. Bovine nodular onchocercomata represent an interesting model for human onchocerciasis.
从喀麦隆6头感染盘尾丝虫的印度瘤牛的脐部采集皮下结节和皮肤活检标本，并进行组织学检查。含有奥氏盘尾丝虫和杜克盘尾丝虫的结节与人体中的盘尾丝虫结节结构相同；它们由炎症性假囊肿组成，其中常含有雌性丝虫。这些假囊肿根据其囊壁的炎症细胞成分分为“年轻”、“活跃”和“陈旧”三类。结节被结缔组织囊包围，囊内血管纵横交错，血管腔内含有微丝蚴和桑椹体切片。感染这两种丝虫微丝蚴的牛喉瘤盘尾丝虫和牛环纹盘尾丝虫的皮肤出现了各种伴有纤维化的皮炎病变，类似于盘尾丝虫病患者所观察到的病变。在大多数情况下，炎症浸润沿血管围绕淋巴管，引发淋巴管炎。肉芽肿组织内存在微丝蚴表明微丝蚴直接沉积到囊腔内。只有逃避了炎症反应的微丝蚴才能穿透淋巴管。然后它们可以迁移到淋巴系统并到达真皮表层。牛结节性盘尾丝虫病是人类盘尾丝虫病的一个有趣模型。
