Alley E S, Plaisier A P, Boatin B A, Dadzie K Y, Remme J, Zerbo G, Samba E M
Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Sep-Oct;88(5):581-4. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(94)90172-4.
Following the registration of ivermectin (Mectizan) for human use in the treatment of onchocerciasis, in 1987 the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa (OCP) begun a series of trials in order to determine the safety of the drug when used on a large scale and its potential for morbidity control. This paper reports the changes in skin microfilarial loads during the first 5 years of annual treatment in the holoendemic focus of Asubende in Ghana, which was the largest trial area and which also had the longest series of follow-up surveys. The general observed pattern was a marked reduction of microfilarial loads shortly after each treatment followed by a steady repopulation of the skin until a subsequent treatment round. The overall reduction of microfilarial loads observed between the base line survey and one year after the last treatment was 90% for the total population examined and over 93% for a cohort which received the drug at all 5 treatment rounds. In contrast, there was only a very gradual decrease in the prevalence of infection in the population after subsequent treatments. The study further emphasizes that even a single treatment with ivermectin has a significant medium-term impact on microfilarial loads. Microfilarial counts barely increased after 14-16 months of treatment and stabilized around 55% of pre-treatment counts 2-4 years after a single treatment.
在伊维菌素（美迪善）于1987年注册用于人类治疗盘尾丝虫病之后，西非盘尾丝虫病控制计划（OCP）开展了一系列试验，以确定该药物大规模使用时的安全性及其控制发病率的潜力。本文报告了在加纳阿苏本德高度流行区进行年度治疗的头5年期间皮肤微丝蚴负荷的变化情况，该地区是最大的试验区域，并且随访调查系列最长。总体观察到的模式是每次治疗后不久微丝蚴负荷显著降低，随后皮肤微丝蚴数量稳步回升，直至下一轮治疗。在基线调查与最后一次治疗后一年之间，所检查的总人口中微丝蚴负荷的总体降低率为90%，而在所有5轮治疗中均接受该药物治疗的队列中，这一降低率超过93%。相比之下，在后续治疗后，人群中的感染率仅非常缓慢地下降。该研究进一步强调，即使单次使用伊维菌素治疗也会对微丝蚴负荷产生显著的中期影响。治疗14 - 16个月后微丝蚴计数几乎没有增加，并在单次治疗后2 - 4年稳定在治疗前计数的55%左右。
