Trinder H, Salkovskis P M
University College, Oxford, England.
Behav Res Ther. 1994 Nov;32(8):833-42. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(94)90163-5.
It has been suggested that the suppression of unwanted thoughts may increase their frequency and that this effect may contribute to some psychological problems. Previous studies have examined this over a period of minutes, in an artificial setting. Suppression over a four day period was evaluated in the present study. Each S was asked to identify a negative intrusive thought which he or she experienced and to record each occurrence of it in conditions designed to maximise the similarity to those experienced by obsessional patients. Ss were randomly allocated to one of three groups. One group was asked to suppress their thoughts whenever they occurred, another group was asked to think about their thoughts whenever they occurred and the third group just recorded the thoughts whenever they occurred. This design allowed experimental control of both attention to and manipulation of the target thoughts in contrast to attention and active suppression. It was found that Ss who suppressed their thoughts experienced more thoughts and found them more uncomfortable than Ss in the other two groups. This is consistent with the theory that suppression increases thought frequency and may be important in the development and maintenance of some disorders.
有人提出，抑制 unwanted thoughts 可能会增加其出现频率，且这种效应可能会导致一些心理问题。以往的研究在人工环境中对这一现象进行了数分钟的观察。本研究评估了为期四天的抑制情况。要求每位受试者识别出自己经历过的一种消极的侵入性想法，并在旨在使其与强迫症患者经历的情况尽可能相似的条件下记录该想法的每次出现。受试者被随机分配到三组中的一组。一组被要求每当想法出现时就加以抑制，另一组被要求每当想法出现时就去思考它，第三组则只是每当想法出现时就进行记录。与关注和主动抑制相比，这种设计允许对目标想法的关注和操控进行实验控制。结果发现，抑制自己想法的受试者比其他两组受试者经历了更多的想法，且感觉这些想法更令人不适。这与抑制会增加想法频率的理论相一致，并且可能在某些障碍的发展和维持过程中具有重要意义。
