McKenna F P, Lewis C
Department of Psychology, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Whiteknights, UK.
Br J Clin Psychol. 1994 Sep;33(3):345-51. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1994.tb01130.x.
The study examined the effects of mood shift on a behavioural measure to investigate an ongoing question in the mood induction literature: Whether changes in performance following laboratory based mood induction procedures reflect genuine changes in affective state, or whether such changes can be generally attributed to the demand characteristics of the experimental situation. Prior to mood induction 40 subjects were assessed on self-spaced and maximal performance articulation tasks. Following mood induction articulation rates were again recorded. It was hypothesized that while there is considerable scope for experimental demands to influence self-paced tasks, by contrast maximal performance tasks should either reduce or eliminate demand characteristics. The results indicated that maximal articulation rate was sensitive to mood induction in that performance was retarded by the depressogenic procedure and accelerated by the elation-inducing procedure. Additionally, within-subject changes in speech rates correlated with conventional self-report measures of affective state. Interestingly, the speeded task appeared more sensitive to the mood manipulation than the self-paced task where demand characteristics had been expected to exert their greatest effect. It is concluded that these results corroborate the view that laboratory based induction procedures do promote true affective change and indicate that the speeded articulation task constitutes an effective indicator of that change.
该研究考察了情绪转换对一项行为测量指标的影响，以探究情绪诱导文献中一个悬而未决的问题：基于实验室的情绪诱导程序后表现的变化是反映了情感状态的真正变化，还是这种变化通常可归因于实验情境的需求特征。在情绪诱导之前，对40名受试者进行了自定节奏和最大表现清晰度任务的评估。情绪诱导后再次记录清晰度率。研究假设，虽然实验需求有很大空间影响自定节奏任务，但相比之下，最大表现任务应减少或消除需求特征。结果表明，最大清晰度率对情绪诱导敏感，即抑郁诱导程序会使表现变慢，而兴奋诱导程序会使表现加速。此外，受试者内部语速的变化与传统的情感状态自我报告测量指标相关。有趣的是，与预期需求特征会产生最大影响的自定节奏任务相比，快速任务似乎对情绪操纵更敏感。研究得出结论，这些结果证实了基于实验室的诱导程序确实能促进真正的情感变化这一观点，并表明快速清晰度任务是该变化的有效指标。
