Lopez R, Yolton R L, Kohl P, Smith D L, Saxerud M H
College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR 97116.
J Am Optom Assoc. 1994 Oct;65(10):705-14.
Irlen has defined a condition called Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome (SSS) that is associated with reading problems. According to Irlen, SSS can be treated by the use of colored filters, but there is disagreement about the existence of SSS and the efficacy of colored filter therapy.
Thirty-nine children participated in the study: 24 were academically normal, nine had specific reading problems, and six had problems in multiple academic areas. SSS levels and preferred overlay colors were determined. Optometric test data were also available for each subject.
No significant relationships were found between academic classification and degree of SSS. There were also no significant relationships between preferred overlay color and any other variables. There was, however, a significant tendency for subjects with higher SSS levels to be candidates for vision therapy and to derive greater benefit from the colored overlays.
Many questions about the use of colored filters for the treatment of reading problems remain unanswered. Among these are questions dealing with whether the M-pathway anomalies found in some dyslexics are also present to a lesser degree in other cases of reading disabilities, and how colored filters could re-balance the M- and P-pathways. Is it the color of the filter itself that is critical, or is it the change in luminance or contrast produced by the filter that seems to make it easier for some subjects to read? More research will be needed to answer these questions.
伊尔伦定义了一种称为暗适应敏感综合征（SSS）的病症，它与阅读问题相关。据伊尔伦称，SSS可通过使用彩色滤光片来治疗，但对于SSS的存在以及彩色滤光片疗法的疗效存在分歧。
39名儿童参与了该研究：24名学业正常，9名有特定阅读问题，6名在多个学术领域存在问题。确定了SSS水平和偏好的覆盖颜色。每个受试者也有验光测试数据。
学业分类与SSS程度之间未发现显著关系。偏好的覆盖颜色与任何其他变量之间也没有显著关系。然而，SSS水平较高的受试者有明显的趋势成为视觉治疗的候选者，并从彩色覆盖物中获得更大益处。
关于使用彩色滤光片治疗阅读问题的许多问题仍未得到解答。其中包括一些问题，比如在一些诵读困难者中发现的M通路异常在其他阅读障碍病例中是否也有较轻程度的存在，以及彩色滤光片如何重新平衡M和P通路。是滤光片本身的颜色至关重要，还是滤光片产生的亮度或对比度变化似乎使一些受试者更容易阅读？需要更多研究来回答这些问题。
