O'Connor P D, Sofo F, Kendall L, Olsen G
Department of Special Education, Counselling, and Health Studies, University of Canberra, Australia.
J Learn Disabil. 1990 Dec;23(10):597-603, 620. doi: 10.1177/002221949002301006.
The efficacy of a controversial treatment, using colored filters to remediate reading disabilities, was measured empirically, with colored overlays placed over reading material on white paper. Irlen's (1983) method is to prescribe specific tinted filters as lenses that she claims filter specific light frequencies and remove a range of perceptual disorders that adversely affect reading and related learning performance. Irlen calls this condition "scotopic sensitivity" and claims it is a significant factor in a high percentage of people with learning disabilities. Ninety-two children with significant reading disabilities were classified as either scotopic or nonscotopic using the Irlen Differential Perceptual Schedule, and were randomly assigned to one of six treatment groups using colored or clear overlays. Reading performance (rate, accuracy, and comprehension) as measured by the Neale Analysis of Reading Ability (Neale, 1987) and the Formal Reading Inventory (Wiederholt, 1986) improved significantly when the scotopic children read with the preferred colored overlay filter compared to clear or different-colored overlay filters. Nonscotopic children showed no change.
一种颇具争议的治疗方法——使用彩色滤光片来矫正阅读障碍，其实效性通过实证进行了测量，具体做法是在白纸上的阅读材料上放置彩色覆盖物。艾琳（1983年）的方法是开具特定颜色的滤光片作为镜片，她声称这些滤光片能过滤特定的光频率，并消除一系列对阅读及相关学习表现产生不利影响的感知障碍。艾琳将这种情况称为“暗视觉敏感性”，并声称在很大比例的学习障碍者中，这是一个重要因素。使用艾琳差异感知量表，92名有严重阅读障碍的儿童被分为暗视觉敏感型或非暗视觉敏感型，并被随机分配到六个治疗组之一，使用彩色或透明覆盖物。当暗视觉敏感型儿童使用首选的彩色覆盖滤光片阅读时，与使用透明或不同颜色覆盖滤光片相比，通过尼尔阅读能力分析（尼尔，1987年）和正式阅读量表（维德霍尔特，1986年）测量的阅读表现（速度、准确性和理解力）有显著提高。非暗视觉敏感型儿童则没有变化。
