Fischbach M, Desprez P, Donnars F, Geisert J
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation Children's Unit, Strasbourg, France.
Adv Perit Dial. 1994;10:294-6.
Intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) is easy to measure routinely in children on peritoneal dialysis (PD) (especially with the twin bag Y-set) as described in adults: value expressed in centimeters of water, average of IPP (mean IPP) at inspiration and at expiration, with point zero located on the mid-axillary line while the patient rests in a perfectly supine position. IPP remained high during the first two to three days postsurgical peritoneal catheter implantation (15 +/- 4 cm) despite low dialysate volume per exchange (10 mL/kg). Afterwards, IPP decreased (10 +/- 2 cm) despite increasing dialysate volume from 10-50 mL/kg. Mean IPP seemed lower in infants (5 +/- 3 cm) in contrast to children (10 +/- 2 cm) on chronic PD with dialysate volume of 1000 mL/m2. There was a strong negative linear correlation between ultrafiltration (UF) volume and mean IPP with isotonic dialysate (1.36% dextrose concentration). By contrast, there was only a weak positive linear correlation between UF volume and mean IPP with hypertonic dialysate (3.86% dextrose concentration).
正如在成人中所描述的那样，对于接受腹膜透析（PD）的儿童，腹腔内压力（IPP）很容易常规测量（特别是使用双袋Y型装置）：以厘米水柱表示的值，吸气和呼气时的IPP平均值（平均IPP），零点位于腋中线，患者处于完全仰卧位。尽管每次交换的透析液量较低（10 mL/kg），但在手术植入腹膜导管后的头两到三天内，IPP仍然很高（15±4 cm）。此后，尽管透析液量从10-50 mL/kg增加，但IPP下降（10±2 cm）。与慢性PD且透析液量为1000 mL/m2的儿童（10±2 cm）相比，婴儿的平均IPP似乎较低（5±3 cm）。使用等渗透析液（葡萄糖浓度1.36%）时，超滤（UF）量与平均IPP之间存在强烈的负线性相关性。相比之下，使用高渗透析液（葡萄糖浓度3.86%）时，UF量与平均IPP之间仅存在微弱的正线性相关性。
