Delank K W, Stoll W
Universitäts-HNO-Klinik Münster.
HNO. 1994 Oct;42(10):619-23.
Although olfactory dysfunction is a common clinical symptom in patients with chronic sinusitis, there are few written reports about the nature, frequency and therapeutic accessibility of the various dysosmias. We analysed pre- and postoperative olfactory function in 78 patients suffering from chronic sinusitis with nasal polyposis. Using a squeeze bottle technique we were able to detect preoperative hyposmia and/or dysfunction of olfactory discrimination in 40% and anosmia in 36%. Only 22% of these patients complained spontaneously of disabilities in smell. Endoscopic surgery improved hyposmias and anosmias in 71% and preoperative dysfunctions of olfactory discrimination in 61%. Postoperative thresholds for 2-phenylethanol and dimethyldisulfide worsened in 9% of all patients. Postoperative olfactory discrimination deteriorated in 11%. Preoperative and postoperative olfactory functions were not predictable in individual cases when nasal polyposis was limited. However, mechanical blockage of the nasal airway was just one of many other pathophysiological factors causing olfactory loss in patients with chronic sinusitis.
尽管嗅觉功能障碍是慢性鼻窦炎患者常见的临床症状，但关于各种嗅觉障碍的性质、发生率和治疗可及性的书面报告却很少。我们分析了78例患有慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者术前和术后的嗅觉功能。使用挤压瓶技术，我们发现术前40%的患者存在嗅觉减退和/或嗅觉辨别功能障碍，36%的患者存在嗅觉丧失。这些患者中只有22%自发抱怨嗅觉方面的障碍。内镜手术使71%的嗅觉减退和嗅觉丧失患者以及61%术前嗅觉辨别功能障碍患者得到改善。在所有患者中，9%的患者术后对2-苯乙醇和二甲基二硫的嗅觉阈值恶化。11%的患者术后嗅觉辨别能力下降。当鼻息肉局限时，术前和术后的嗅觉功能在个体病例中无法预测。然而，鼻气道的机械阻塞只是导致慢性鼻窦炎患者嗅觉丧失的许多其他病理生理因素之一。
