Shurin M R, Zhou D, Kusnecov A, Rassnick S, Rabin B S
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15261.
Brain Behav Immun. 1994 Mar;8(1):57-65. doi: 10.1006/brbi.1994.1005.
The effect of 1 (1.6 mA, 5 s), 3, 8, or 16 inescapable footshocks on the response of spleen and peripheral blood lymphocytes to nonspecific mitogenic stimulation and plasma corticosterone levels was studied in adult Lewis male rats. One footshock suppressed mitogenic activity in the spleen and this effect was comparable to 3, 8, and 16 footshocks. The maximum suppression to nonspecific mitogenic stimulation in the spleen was observed at 1 and 10 min after exposure to a single footshock and suppression of the mitogenic responses in the spleen persisted for at least 60 min. In contrast, immediately after a single footshock peripheral blood lymphocyte mitogenic function was not suppressed but instead was significantly enhanced. A significant suppression of mitogenic responsiveness of blood lymphocytes occurred 30 min after exposure to a single footshock and at 60 min the blood mitogenic activity did not differ from the home cage controls. Eight footshocks produced a significant suppression of mitogenic responses in the blood and 16 footshocks produced the greatest suppression of blood mitogenic function. These data suggest that 1 brief footshock caused activation of the HPA axis and sympathetic nervous system and resulted in significant alteration of the immune system. We suggest that noncomplex models of short-term stress may provide for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of stress reactions in the CNS and the periphery.
在成年雄性Lewis大鼠中，研究了1次（1.6 mA，5 s）、3次、8次或16次不可逃避的足部电击对脾脏和外周血淋巴细胞对非特异性有丝分裂原刺激的反应以及血浆皮质酮水平的影响。1次足部电击可抑制脾脏中的有丝分裂活性，这种效应与3次、8次和16次足部电击相当。在暴露于单次足部电击后1分钟和10分钟时，观察到脾脏对非特异性有丝分裂原刺激的最大抑制，并且脾脏中有丝分裂反应的抑制持续至少60分钟。相比之下，单次足部电击后立即，外周血淋巴细胞的有丝分裂功能未被抑制，反而显著增强。暴露于单次足部电击后30分钟，血液淋巴细胞的有丝分裂反应性出现显著抑制，并且在60分钟时血液有丝分裂活性与笼养对照组无差异。8次足部电击导致血液中有丝分裂反应的显著抑制，16次足部电击导致血液有丝分裂功能的最大抑制。这些数据表明，1次短暂的足部电击会导致下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴和交感神经系统激活，并导致免疫系统发生显著改变。我们认为，短期应激的非复杂模型可能有助于更好地理解中枢神经系统和外周应激反应发展的潜在机制。
