Payne S R, Oliver J E, Upreti G C
Meat Industry Research Institute of New Zealand, Hamilton.
Cryobiology. 1994 Apr;31(2):180-4. doi: 10.1006/cryo.1994.1021.
The effect of the antifreeze peptide type I (AFP) from Winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, and the antifreeze glycoprotein (AFGP) from Antarctic cod, Dissostichus mawsoni, was assessed on the motility of ram spermatozoa (Dorset and Dorset x Romney) after chilling (5 degrees C) and after freeze-thawing. During chilling, spermatozoal motility decreased significantly at an AFP or AFGP concentration of 0.1 microgram/ml and at concentrations above 10 micrograms/ml (P < 0.05). Thus, at 5 degrees C these antifreeze proteins can have a mildly cytotoxic effect at certain concentrations. Addition of AFP or AFGP to the freezing medium at concentrations of 0.1 to 10 micrograms/ml significantly reduced the loss in spermatozoal motility that occurs due to the freeze-thaw process (P < 0.001). The effect was not concentration dependent nor did it depend on which antifreeze protein was added. However, due to the cytotoxicity during the chilling stage, only AFP at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml increased the percentage of motile spermatozoa significantly following freezing and thawing over that of the control (P < 0.05). Mechanisms to explain the effect of these proteins on spermatozoal motility after chilling and after freeze-thawing are proposed.
评估了美洲拟庸鲽（Pseudopleuronectes americanus）的I型抗冻肽（AFP）和莫氏南极鱼（Dissostichus mawsoni）的抗冻糖蛋白（AFGP）对冷冻（5摄氏度）及冻融后公羊精子（多塞特和多塞特x罗姆尼）活力的影响。在冷冻过程中，AFP或AFGP浓度为0.1微克/毫升及高于10微克/毫升时，精子活力显著下降（P<0.05）。因此，在5摄氏度时，这些抗冻蛋白在某些浓度下可产生轻度细胞毒性作用。在冷冻培养基中添加浓度为0.1至10微克/毫升的AFP或AFGP可显著减少冻融过程中精子活力的损失（P<0.001）。该作用与浓度无关，也不取决于添加的是哪种抗冻蛋白。然而，由于冷冻阶段的细胞毒性，只有浓度为10微克/毫升的AFP在冻融后能使活动精子的百分比显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。本文提出了解释这些蛋白质对冷冻及冻融后精子活力影响的机制。
