Bernard T E, Kenney W L
College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa 33612-3805.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1994 Jun;55(6):505-14. doi: 10.1080/15428119491018772.
Worker heat-stress exposures can be controlled for short periods above the threshold limit value (TLV) by self-assessment, if the worker can avoid overexposure based on excessive heart rate and/or excessive core temperature. A socially acceptable surrogate for core temperature and a measure of heart rate are objective measures that can increase the reliability of the self-assessment decision. This article describes a surface-mounted temperature sensor developed to indicate when rectal temperature reaches a safe limit. Protective criteria were established for temperature sensor alert limits. A fixed threshold for heart rate may cause premature alerts during bursts of activity and miss lower, but sustained, heart rates that represent significant physiological strain. For these reasons, heart rate criteria based on seven moving-time averages also were developed. The criteria are based on a relationship between heart rate and endurance time. The temperature sensor and heart rate criteria form the basis of a real-time personal monitor for heat strain.
如果工人能够根据过高的心率和/或过高的核心体温避免过度暴露，那么通过自我评估，在短时间内可将工人热应激暴露控制在阈限值（TLV）以上。核心体温的一种社会可接受替代指标以及心率测量值是客观指标，可提高自我评估决策的可靠性。本文介绍了一种表面安装的温度传感器，其开发目的是在直肠温度达到安全极限时发出指示。为温度传感器警报限值制定了防护标准。心率固定阈值可能在活动爆发期间导致过早发出警报，并且会遗漏较低但持续的心率，而这些心率代表了显著的生理应激。出于这些原因，还制定了基于七个移动时间平均值的心率标准。这些标准基于心率与耐力时间之间的关系。温度传感器和心率标准构成了热应激实时个人监测仪的基础。
