Lutz W, Sułkowski W, Krajewska B
Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
Pol J Occup Med Environ Health. 1993;6(4):347-55.
Experimental data and clinical observations indicate that an increased expression of oncogenes or their point mutations play an essential role in the process of carcinogenesis. It was important to find out that environmental and occupational carcinogens activate cellular oncogenes and contribute to increased amounts or occurrence of mutated oncoproteins. The latter are responsible for activating mechanisms which further the neoplastic transformation of cells. The researches are mainly concerned about two oncoproteins: oncoprotein coded by the ras oncogene--called p21 protein and oncoprotein coded by the erbB-2 oncogene--called p185 protein. Investigations performed on neoplastic cells show that the neoplastic transformation process involves not only the afore-said oncogenes and their oncoproteins but also other oncogenes, and that the process itself required activating of more than one oncogene. At present, it is possible to use measurements of oncoproteins in the biological material which is easily available. Due to this fact, a number of works in which measurements of oncoproteins in blood serum were used to assess cancer risk in persons exposed to carcinogens present at the work place, have been published.
实验数据和临床观察表明，癌基因表达增加或其点突变在致癌过程中起重要作用。重要的是要发现环境和职业致癌物会激活细胞癌基因，并导致突变癌蛋白数量增加或出现。后者负责激活促进细胞肿瘤转化的机制。研究主要关注两种癌蛋白：由ras癌基因编码的癌蛋白——称为p21蛋白，以及由erbB - 2癌基因编码的癌蛋白——称为p185蛋白。对肿瘤细胞进行的研究表明，肿瘤转化过程不仅涉及上述癌基因及其癌蛋白，还涉及其他癌基因，而且该过程本身需要激活多个癌基因。目前，可以在容易获得的生物材料中测量癌蛋白。由于这一事实，已经发表了许多使用血清中癌蛋白测量来评估接触工作场所存在的致癌物的人员患癌风险的研究。
