Reichart P A
Department of Oral Surgery, North Free University of Berlin, Germany.
Int Dent J. 1994 Feb;44(1):49-54.
The different types of viral hepatitis are briefly reviewed in relation to transmission during dental treatment, hepatitis B remaining the greatest threat to the dental team which is not immunised. The significance of hepatitis C for the dental profession is as yet undetermined. Transmission of HIV in the dental practice may occur from patient to dentist, from patient to patient and from dentist to patient. Epidemiological data show that none of these routes seems to be common. To date only five patients have been infected with HIV in a dental practice, the mode of transmission of which is unknown. In order to minimise the risk the dental profession is advised to strongly adhere to the recommendations for preventing HIV and hepatitis virus infection in health-care settings. Between patients all dental instruments should be submitted to sterilisation such as steam autoclaving.
本文简要回顾了不同类型的病毒性肝炎在牙科治疗期间的传播情况，其中乙型肝炎仍然是对未接种疫苗的牙科团队最大的威胁。丙型肝炎对牙科行业的重要性尚未确定。在牙科诊疗过程中，HIV可能从患者传播给牙医、从患者传播给患者以及从牙医传播给患者。流行病学数据表明，这些传播途径似乎都不常见。迄今为止，仅有5例患者在牙科诊疗过程中感染了HIV，其传播方式尚不清楚。为了将风险降至最低，建议牙科行业严格遵守医疗保健机构预防HIV和肝炎病毒感染的建议。在为不同患者治疗时，所有牙科器械都应进行诸如蒸汽高压灭菌之类的消毒处理。
