Hilleman D E, Mohiuddin S M, Delcore M G
Creighton University Cardiac Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
J Clin Pharmacol. 1994 Mar;34(3):222-4. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1994.tb03989.x.
The authors compared the outcome of 208 smokers treated with fixed-dose transdermal nicotine (n = 69), tapered-dose transdermal nicotine (n = 71), or buspirone (n = 68). At baseline, there were no significant differences among the three treatment groups with regard to age, gender, educational level, duration of smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day, concomitant disease states or drug use, or Fagerstrom score. All smokers participated in a behavior modification program. Fixed-dose transdermal nicotine was given at a dose of 21 or 22 mg/day for 6 weeks. Tapered-dose transdermal nicotine was given at a dose of 21 or 22 mg/day for 4 weeks, 14 mg/day for 4 weeks and 7 mg/day for 4 weeks. Both transdermal nicotine regimens were initiated on the evening before the attempted quit date. Buspirone was started 21 days before the quit attempt and continued for 7 days after the quit attempt. Buspirone was initiated at 5 mg TID for 7 days and then 10 mg TID for 21 days. Smoking cessation was assessed by patient diaries and random plasma thiocyanate determinations. Dropouts for any reason were considered treatment failures. Quit rates were as shown in the Table I. Discontinuation of treatment for perceived side effects and dropouts for all reasons were not significantly different among the treatment groups. The authors conclude that fixed-dose transdermal nicotine, tapered-dose transdermal nicotine, and buspirone are associated with similar efficacy and safety when combined with behavior modification in smoking cessation.
作者比较了208名吸烟者的治疗结果，这些吸烟者分别接受固定剂量经皮尼古丁治疗（n = 69）、递减剂量经皮尼古丁治疗（n = 71）或丁螺环酮治疗（n = 68）。在基线时，三个治疗组在年龄、性别、教育水平、吸烟持续时间、每日吸烟量、伴随疾病状态或药物使用情况，或Fagerstrom评分方面均无显著差异。所有吸烟者都参与了行为矫正计划。固定剂量经皮尼古丁的给药剂量为21或22毫克/天，持续6周。递减剂量经皮尼古丁的给药剂量为21或22毫克/天，持续4周，14毫克/天，持续4周，7毫克/天，持续4周。两种经皮尼古丁治疗方案均在尝试戒烟日期的前一晚开始。丁螺环酮在戒烟尝试前21天开始使用，并在戒烟尝试后持续使用7天。丁螺环酮起始剂量为5毫克，每日三次，持续7天，然后为10毫克，每日三次，持续21天。通过患者日记和随机血浆硫氰酸盐测定来评估戒烟情况。因任何原因退出者被视为治疗失败。戒烟率如表I所示。各治疗组因感知到的副作用而停药以及所有原因导致的退出率无显著差异。作者得出结论，在戒烟过程中，固定剂量经皮尼古丁、递减剂量经皮尼古丁和丁螺环酮与行为矫正相结合时，具有相似的疗效和安全性。
