Soejima O, Ogata K, Ishinishi T, Fukahori Y, Miyauchi R
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco.
Orthop Rev. 1994 Mar;23(3):244-7.
Twenty legs in 10 cadavers were dissected to determine the course of the deep peroneal nerve from its origin to its termination. Particular attention was paid to defining: (1) its relationship to palpable landmarks, (2) the angle of the course of its proximal portion against the long axis of the fibula, (3) distribution of the proximal branch to the extensor hallucis longus muscle, and (4) safe areas of osteotomy in the proximal fibula during high tibial osteotomy. The extensor hallucis longus was often supplied by only one branch from the deep peroneal nerve at 99.8 mm (31.7%) distally from the apex of the fibula; this seems to explain why osteotomy of the fibula at its proximal one third often causes paralysis of this muscle. The findings suggest that safe areas for osteotomy in the proximal fibula during high tibial osteotomy are located up to 20.5 mm (6.5%) distal to the tip of the fibular head and that the safe angle of a periosteal incision against the fibular neck area is 64.1 degrees.
对10具尸体的20条腿进行解剖，以确定腓深神经从起始到终止的走行。特别关注以下几点：（1）其与可触及标志的关系；（2）其近端走行与腓骨长轴的夹角；（3）近端分支至拇长伸肌的分布；（4）高位胫骨截骨时腓骨近端的安全截骨区域。拇长伸肌通常仅由腓深神经距腓骨尖99.8 mm（31.7%）远的一个分支供应；这似乎解释了为什么腓骨近端三分之一处的截骨术常导致该肌肉麻痹。研究结果表明，高位胫骨截骨时腓骨近端的安全截骨区域位于腓骨头尖端远侧20.5 mm（6.5%）以内，骨膜切口相对于腓骨颈区域的安全角度为64.1度。
