Cronin T W, Marshall N J, Quinn C A, King C A
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County 21228.
Vision Res. 1994 Jun;34(11):1443-52. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(94)90145-7.
An UV-sensitive class of photoreceptors exists in all regions of the retinas of mantis shrimps. UV photosensitivity apparently resides in rhabdomeres of the eighth retinular cell (R8) that lies atop each rhabdom; and in ommatidia where the R8 rhabdomere consists of microvilli parallel in a single direction, sensitivity is maximal when the e-vector of plane-polarized light is parallel to the microvilli. Spectral sensitivity of the UV photoreceptor peaks at 345 nm and is best explained by the presence of a photopigment with lambda max near 325 nm overlain by material that absorbs UV light at wavelengths below approximately 350 nm. Rhabdomeres of R8 cells in several different retinal regions of a variety of species examined contain a photopigment absorbing maximally below 340 nm. Under appropriate conditions, a metapigment with lambda max near 460 nm can be formed. UV vision may be useful for enhancing the visual contrast of midwater predators or prey.
雀尾螳螂虾视网膜的所有区域都存在一类对紫外线敏感的光感受器。紫外线敏感性显然存在于位于每个视杆顶部的第八个小网膜细胞（R8）的视杆中；在R8视杆由沿单一方向平行的微绒毛组成的小眼内，当平面偏振光的电矢量与微绒毛平行时，敏感性最高。紫外线光感受器的光谱敏感性在345nm处达到峰值，最好的解释是存在一种最大吸收波长（λmax）接近325nm的光色素，其被在波长低于约350nm时吸收紫外线的物质所覆盖。在多种被研究物种的几个不同视网膜区域中，R8细胞的视杆含有一种最大吸收波长低于340nm的光色素。在适当条件下，可以形成一种最大吸收波长接近460nm的变色色素。紫外线视觉可能有助于增强中层水域捕食者或猎物的视觉对比度。
