Gmünder F K, Konstantinova I, Cogoli A, Lesnyak A, Bogomolov W, Grachov A W
Space Biology Group, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich, Switzerland.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1994 May;65(5):419-23.
To investigate the effect of spaceflight on cell mediated immunity we tested delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in 5 cosmonauts on three missions in the orbital space station MIR. DTH was determined by the intradermal application of seven antigens and a control using the standardized Multitest Mérieux. This multiple prick puncture test was applied prior to, during, and following missions, which lasted for up to 177 d. In four of the five cosmonauts, reaction scores of DTH-responses below the warning level were noted during flight (two subjects) or following landing (two subjects). In-flight reductions of DTH-responses were possibly induced by a series of stressful extravehicular activities and recovered to normal levels after landing. The results confirm earlier observations of a decreased lymphocyte function following spaceflights determined by means of mitogenic responsiveness of lymphocytes. Thus, the notion of a possibly impaired cell-mediated immunity under stress in association with spaceflight gains further support.
为了研究太空飞行对细胞介导免疫的影响，我们对5名执行过和平号轨道空间站三次飞行任务的宇航员进行了迟发型超敏反应（DTH）测试。使用标准化的梅里埃多重检测法，通过皮内注射七种抗原及一种对照剂来测定DTH。这种多针穿刺试验在任务前、任务期间和任务后进行，任务持续时间长达177天。在5名宇航员中的4名身上，观察到在飞行期间（2名受试者）或着陆后（2名受试者）DTH反应的得分低于警示水平。飞行中DTH反应的降低可能是由一系列紧张的舱外活动引起的，着陆后恢复到正常水平。这些结果证实了早期通过淋巴细胞有丝分裂反应性确定的太空飞行后淋巴细胞功能下降的观察结果。因此，与太空飞行相关的应激状态下细胞介导免疫可能受损这一观点得到了进一步支持。
