Melnick J L
Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Biologicals. 1993 Dec;21(4):305-9. doi: 10.1006/biol.1993.1088.
The history of the enteroviruses is described, and how poliovirus came to be recognized as the prototype species of the genus, a subdivision of the family Picornaviridae. Albert Sabin was one of the main contributors. He isolated several enterovirus types and established them as causative agents of human disease. The enteroviruses were discovered only after new methods were introduced for working with viruses. They are now recognized as constituting one of the genera of the picornavirus family. Pico-rna-virus stands for viruses which are small (pico), and have an RNA genome. The enterovirus genus includes the polioviruses, the coxsackieviruses and the echoviruses of humans, plus a number of enteroviruses of lower animals (e.g., monkeys, cattle, pigs, mice). Over 100 serotypes are now recognized, the first having been the polioviruses.
本文描述了肠道病毒的历史，以及脊髓灰质炎病毒如何被认定为该属的原型种，该属是小核糖核酸病毒科的一个亚科。阿尔伯特·萨宾是主要贡献者之一。他分离出几种肠道病毒类型，并确定它们是人类疾病的病原体。肠道病毒是在引入处理病毒的新方法后才被发现的。它们现在被认为是小核糖核酸病毒科的属之一。小核糖核酸病毒代表体积小（微小）且具有RNA基因组的病毒。肠道病毒属包括脊髓灰质炎病毒、人类柯萨奇病毒和埃可病毒，以及一些低等动物（如猴子、牛、猪、小鼠）的肠道病毒。目前已确认有100多种血清型，第一种是脊髓灰质炎病毒。
