Abrams R A, Dobkin R S
Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1994 Jun;20(3):467-77. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.20.3.467.
Inhibition of return refers to a bias against attending to and/or detecting visual stimuli at recently attended locations. In the present experiments, Ss were slower to initiate eye movements to previously attended locations. Furthermore, there was more inhibition when a peripheral (exogenous) flash signaled the target, compared with when a central (endogenous) arrow cue was used as an imperative stimulus. That pattern suggests that some of the inhibition is due to processes involved in detecting visual stimuli, and some of the inhibition is related to the movement of the eye. Subsequent experiments showed that the eye-movement component of the inhibition is not object-centered and does not move if the previously attended object moves, although the stimulus-detection component is object-centered. The results have implications for visual attention in general and for the link between overt and covert orienting.
返回抑制是指对最近注意过的位置上的视觉刺激进行注意和/或检测时存在的一种偏向。在本实验中，被试向先前注意过的位置发起眼动的速度较慢。此外，与使用中央（内源性）箭头线索作为指令性刺激相比，当外周（外源性）闪光指示目标时，返回抑制更强。这种模式表明，部分抑制是由于检测视觉刺激所涉及的过程，部分抑制与眼睛的运动有关。后续实验表明，抑制的眼动成分不是以物体为中心的，并且如果先前注意的物体移动，它不会移动，尽管刺激检测成分是以物体为中心的。这些结果对一般的视觉注意以及显性和隐性定向之间的联系具有启示意义。
