Ganzoni A, Heilig P, Schönenberger K, Hügli O, Fitting J W, Brändli O
Zürcher Höhenklinik Wald, Faltigberg-Wald.
Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1994 Jan 4;83(1):13-6.
A body weight lower than 90% of the optional value has an unfavorable influence on the prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Short term studies of up to three months duration have shown improved function of respiratory muscle exercise tolerance and immunologic parameters by an increased caloric intake of 45 kcal/kg body weight. In a randomized trial of twelve months 14 of 30 patients with an average FEV1 of 0.8 l were instructed to take a high calorie diet. For simplicity a part of the calories were administered as Fresubin, a fluid nutrient formula. Although a weight gain of 7 kg (p = 0.003) was obtained the difference to the control group was statistically not significant (p = 0.08). The same was true for skin fold thickness (12.4 vs 5.7 mm), change of ventilatory parameters and the 6 minute walking distance (-33 vs -86 m). Subjective improvement was, however, impressive in all patients with dietary intervention, explainable probably by increased attention. Dietary counselling for increased intake of calories, vitamins and also calcium is thus very important in the treatment of patients with COPD.
体重低于理想值的90%会对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的预后产生不利影响。为期三个月的短期研究表明，将热量摄入增加45千卡/千克体重可改善呼吸肌运动耐力和免疫参数。在一项为期十二个月的随机试验中，30名平均第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）为0.8升的患者中有14名被要求摄入高热量饮食。为简便起见，部分热量通过能全力（Fresubin），一种液体营养配方来提供。尽管体重增加了7千克（p = 0.003），但与对照组的差异在统计学上并不显著（p = 0.08）。皮褶厚度（12.4对5.7毫米）、通气参数变化和6分钟步行距离（-33对-86米）情况同样如此。然而，饮食干预的所有患者主观上都有明显改善，这可能是由于关注度增加所致。因此，在COPD患者的治疗中，提供关于增加热量、维生素以及钙摄入量的饮食咨询非常重要。
