Choudat D
Département de Médecine du travail, Faculté Cochin-Port-Royal, Paris, France.
Tuber Lung Dis. 1994 Apr;75(2):99-104. doi: 10.1016/0962-8479(94)90037-X.
Dental technicians are exposed to various dusts including silica, alloys, and acrylic plastics which may induce pneumoconiosis and probably other occupational lung diseases. The prevalence of pneumoconiosis is very high and related to the duration of exposure: 3 epidemiological studies have found a prevalence of pneumoconiosis 1/0 or greater of about 15% in technicians with 20 or more years' exposure. However, silica is probably not the sole causative agent. In addition to pneumoconiosis, this occupational exposure may induce minor lung function impairment, especially among smokers. However, the effect of cigarette smoking on lung function is greater than the effect of occupational exposure. Cases of occupational asthma, bronchial cancer and mesothelioma, and connective tissue diseases have been reported and are suspected to be work related, but epidemiological studies are needed. Pneumoconiosis is a frequent risk among dental technicians and compensation should be paid to those suffering from this work-related disease. Information about occupational lung diseases and adequate technical prevention measures are necessary for dental technicians.
牙科技术人员会接触到各种粉尘，包括二氧化硅、合金和丙烯酸塑料，这些粉尘可能会引发尘肺病以及其他可能的职业性肺部疾病。尘肺病的患病率很高，且与接触时间有关：3项流行病学研究发现，接触20年或更长时间的技术人员中，尘肺病患病率为1/0或更高的约为15%。然而，二氧化硅可能不是唯一的致病因素。除尘肺病外，这种职业暴露可能会导致轻微的肺功能损害，尤其是在吸烟者中。然而，吸烟对肺功能的影响大于职业暴露的影响。已有职业性哮喘、支气管癌、间皮瘤和结缔组织疾病的病例报告，并怀疑与工作有关，但仍需要进行流行病学研究。尘肺病是牙科技术人员常见的风险，应向患有这种与工作相关疾病的人支付赔偿。牙科技术人员需要了解职业性肺部疾病以及适当的技术预防措施。
