Alexander M B, Damoulis P D
Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
Curr Opin Periodontol. 1994:39-53.
Recent advances in cellular and molecular biology have allowed investigators to better understand the mechanisms of inflammatory and immune responses in many infectious diseases. Soluble mediators produced by various inflammatory and structural cells, collectively called cytokines, have been shown to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of most of these diseases, including periodontal disease. This paper globally reviews recently reported findings implicating cytokines in periodontal pathophysiology. Inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma, known to regulate bone resorptive activity are present in diseased periodontal tissues. Similarly, metalloproteinases, which degrade extracellular matrix, have been shown to have increased activity in diseased sites, and enhanced levels of their inhibitors correlate with absence of disease activity. Finally, certain polypeptide growth factors originally known to play a role in wound healing are now shown to have a significant effect in inflammatory responses.
细胞生物学和分子生物学的最新进展使研究人员能够更好地理解许多传染病中炎症和免疫反应的机制。各种炎症细胞和结构细胞产生的可溶性介质统称为细胞因子，已被证明在包括牙周病在内的大多数此类疾病的发病机制中起关键作用。本文全面综述了最近报道的有关细胞因子参与牙周病理生理学的研究结果。炎症介质，如白细胞介素-1、肿瘤坏死因子-α和干扰素-γ，已知可调节骨吸收活性，存在于患病的牙周组织中。同样，降解细胞外基质的金属蛋白酶在患病部位的活性已被证明有所增加，其抑制剂水平的升高与疾病活动的缺乏相关。最后，某些最初已知在伤口愈合中起作用的多肽生长因子现在被证明在炎症反应中具有显著作用。
