Prati C, Selighini M, Ferrieri P, Mongiorgi R
School of Dentistry of Bologna, University of Bologna, Italy.
J Endod. 1994 Apr;20(4):174-9. doi: 10.1016/S0099-2399(06)80330-4.
Four manual endodontic instruments, an ultrasonic and an endosonic system were studied with a view to evaluating the morphology of the smear layer and the amount of debris and pulpal residues in the apical third of human extracted straight teeth from 55- to 75-yr-old patients. The manual instruments were K files, Ergoflex files used with the step-back technique, Canal Master with its own technique, and Flex-R with the Roane technique. The ultrasonic system was Suprasson Piezo and the endosonic was Excalibur. Human extracted teeth with straight canals were used and examined under a scanning electron microscope. All manual instrumentations showed a homogeneous compact smear layer and no pulp residues. No statistical differences were observed among the four manual techniques. Ultrasonic technique showed the complete removal of the smear layer, leaving small amounts of pulp debris at the apical third, while the Excalibur showed an almost complete elimination of the smear layer, leaving a homogeneous layer of pulpal residues along the canal.
研究了四种手动牙髓治疗器械、一种超声系统和一种牙髓超声系统，旨在评估55至75岁患者拔除的人直根管牙齿根尖三分之一处的玷污层形态、碎屑量和牙髓残余物量。手动器械包括K锉、采用逐步后退技术使用的Ergoflex锉、采用其自身技术的Canal Master以及采用Roane技术的Flex-R。超声系统为Suprasson Piezo，牙髓超声系统为Excalibur。使用拔除的人直根管牙齿，并在扫描电子显微镜下进行检查。所有手动器械操作均显示出均匀致密的玷污层，且无牙髓残余物。四种手动技术之间未观察到统计学差异。超声技术显示玷污层完全去除，在根尖三分之一处留有少量牙髓碎屑，而Excalibur显示玷污层几乎完全消除，沿根管留下一层均匀的牙髓残余物。
