Berner P
Universitatsklinik Wien, Osterreich.
Acta Psychiatr Belg. 1993 Mar-Apr;93(2):57-72.
The elaboration of a-theoretical comprehensive classifications has become a main concern of American psychiatry. European psychiatrists are frequently reluctant to join this consensus-based endeavour. Their nosological approaches have largely been guided by the theoretical distinction between genuine mental diseases and quantitative psychic deviations: Jasper' warning that the dismemberment of the latter leads astray incited them to concentrate mainly on the classification of the former. Thus, European psychiatrists developed several concepts of functional psychoses which differ in regard to the subdivision of these disorders and their delimitation from mere quantitative deviations. The American classifications have partially abandoned or distorted traditional european views. In order to examine the reliance of their concepts the European schools should more systematically provide operational diagnostic criteria and submit them to polydiagnostic validation-studies.
阐述无理论依据的综合分类已成为美国精神病学的主要关注点。欧洲精神病学家常常不愿参与这一基于共识的工作。他们的疾病分类方法很大程度上受真正精神疾病与定量心理偏差之间理论区别的指导：雅斯贝尔斯关于将后者肢解会导致误入歧途的警告促使他们主要专注于前者的分类。因此，欧洲精神病学家发展出了几种功能性精神病的概念，这些概念在这些疾病的细分以及它们与单纯定量偏差的界定方面存在差异。美国的分类部分地摒弃或歪曲了传统的欧洲观点。为了检验其概念的可靠性，欧洲各学派应更系统地提供操作性诊断标准，并将其提交多诊断验证研究。
