Studnicki J, Steverson B, Blais H N, Goley E, Richards T B, Thornton J N
University of South Florida, College of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, Tampa 33612-3805.
Public Health Rep. 1994 Jul-Aug;109(4):485-90.
Few researchers have examined the problem of comparing the performances of local health departments. A contributing factor is the lack of a uniform method for describing the range of public health activities. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Health Practice Program Office has identified 10 organizational practices that may be used to assure that the core functions of public health are being carried out at a local health department. The researchers determined the percentage of time devoted to each of the 10 practices by individual employees at a local public health unit in Tampa, FL. They identified the manpower expenditures and hours allocated to each of the 10 practices within the major program divisions of the unit. They found that the largest portion of manpower resources was allocated to implementing programs. A much smaller fraction of agency resources was devoted to analysis of the health needs of the community and to the development of plans and policies. Together, primary care and communicable disease programs accounted for fully three-quarters of the resources, environmental health for 11 percent, and administrative support services for 13 percent. With continuing refinement and modification, the methodology could provide a highly effective basis for describing and analyzing the activities and performances of local health departments.
很少有研究人员探讨过比较地方卫生部门绩效的问题。一个促成因素是缺乏一种统一的方法来描述公共卫生活动的范围。疾病控制与预防中心的公共卫生实践项目办公室已经确定了10种组织实践方法，这些方法可用于确保地方卫生部门履行公共卫生的核心职能。研究人员确定了佛罗里达州坦帕市一个地方公共卫生单位的员工在这10种实践方法上各自花费的时间百分比。他们确定了该单位主要项目部门内分配给这10种实践方法的人力支出和时间。他们发现，大部分人力资源被分配用于实施方案。分配给社区健康需求分析以及计划和政策制定的机构资源要少得多。初级保健和传染病项目总共占资源的四分之三，环境卫生占11%，行政支持服务占13%。随着不断完善和修正，该方法可以为描述和分析地方卫生部门的活动及绩效提供一个非常有效的基础。
